alcohol

简明英汉词典

alcohol

[5AlkEhCl]

n.

酒精, 酒

美国传统词典[双解]

alcohol

al.co.hol

AHD:[2l“k…-h?l”, -h?l”]

D.J.[6#lk*7h%8l, -7h%l]

K.K.[6#lk*7h%l, -7h$l]

n.（名词）

(1)Abbr. al., alc.A colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, C2H 5OH, synthesized or obtained by fermentation of sugars and starches and widely used, either pure or denatured, as a solvent and in drugs, cleaning solutions, explosives, and intoxicating beverages. Also called ethanol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol

缩写 al.， alc.酒精，乙醇：由糖和淀粉发酵后合成或取得并且广泛使用的一种无色、易挥发、易燃的液体，C2H 5OH，无论纯酒精或变性酒精都可作为溶剂及用于医药、净化溶解、炸药和麻醉性饮料 也作 ethanol， ethyl alcohol， grain alcohol

(2)Intoxicating liquor containing alcohol.

酒，酒精饮料：含有酒精的能醉人的饮料

(3)Any of a series of hydroxyl compounds, the simplest of which are derived from saturated hydrocarbons, have the general formula CnH 2n+1OH, and include ethanol and methanol.

醇：一系列羟基化合物的任一种，其中最简单的一种可从饱合的碳氢化合物中提取，具有化学分子式CnH 2n+1OH，并且包括乙醇和甲醇

语源

(1)Medieval Latin [fine metallic powder, especially of antimony]

中世纪拉丁语 [研磨精细的金属性粉末，尤指锑的粉末]

(2)from Arabic al-ku?l

源自 阿拉伯语 al-ku?l

(3)al [the]

al [定冠词the]

(4)ku?l [powder of antimony]

ku?l [锑的粉末]

注释

The al- in alcohol may alert some readers to the fact that this is a word of Arabic descent, as is the case with algebra and alkali—al being the Arabic definite article corresponding to the in English. The origin of -cohol is less obvious, however. Its Arabic ancestor was ku?, a fine powder most often made from antimony and used by women to darken their eyelids; in fact, ku?l has given us the word kohl for such a preparation. Arabic chemists came to use al-ku?l to mean “any fine powder produced in a number of ways, including the process of heating a substance to a gaseous state and then recooling it.” The English word alcohol, derived through Medieval Latin from Arabic, is first recorded in 1543 in this sense. Arabic chemists also used al-ku?l to refer to other substances such as essences that were obtained by distillation, a sense first found for English alcohol in 1672. One of these distilled essences, known as “alcohol of wine,” is the constituent of fermented liquors that causes intoxication. This essence took over the term alcohol for itself, whence it has come to refer to the liquor that contains this essence as well as to a class of chemical compounds such as methanol.

al- 包含于 alcohol 中的用法可能会使读者注意到这个词来源于阿拉伯语， 就如同algerbra 和 alkali--al 作为与英语中 the 相对应的阿拉伯语定冠词。 不过-cohol 的词源就不那么明显了。 它在阿拉伯语中写作kuhl， 是一种通常用锑精研而成的粉末，妇女们用它来涂黑眼睑；实际上我们由kuhl 这个词已可以得出作为备用的 kohl 一词。 阿拉伯的化学家们开始把al-kuhl 一词用来指“通过一系列方法而得到的细粉末， 这些方法包括将一种物质加热至气化状态再使之冷却的过程。”英语中的alcohol 这个词，是由该阿拉伯词汇入中世纪拉丁语之后发展而来的，用作这个意义的记录最早出现于1543年。 阿拉伯化学家也用al-kuhl 这个词指如通过蒸馏而得到的精华的其它物质， 英语词汇alcohol 的这一含义最早出现于1672年。 其中有一种被称为“酒精”的蒸馏产物是可以醉人的发酵液体的组成部分。alchohol 成了专指这一物质的词汇， 从此以后它也指包含该物质的液体及甲醇等化合物

现代英汉词典

alcohol

[5AlkEhRl]

n.

(1)酒精，乙醇

(2)含酒精的饮料

现代英汉综合大辞典

alcohol

[5AlkEhCl]

(1)醇

(2)乙醇, 酒精

特殊用法

absolute alcohol

无水酒精, 纯酒精

allyl alcohol

烯丙醇

amino alcohol

氨基醇 2-

amino-n-butyl 2-

氨基正丁醇

aminoethyl alcohol

氨基乙醇 α-

amino-isopropyl alcohol

α-氨基异丙醇; 异丙醇胺

n-amyl alcohol

正戊醇

anhydrous alcohol

无水酒精

anisic alcohol

茴香醇

arachidic alcohol

二十烷醇, 花生醇

batyl alcohol

鲨肝醇; 1-十八烷基甘油醚

benzyl alcohol

苯甲醇, 苄醇

beverage alcohol

饮料酒精

bornyl alcohol

冰片; 龙脑

n-butyl alcohol

(正)丁醇

capryl(ic) alcohol

辛醇

caustic alcohol

苛性乙醇

cetyl alcohol

鲸蜡醇, 十六醇 β-

chloroisopropyl alcohol

氯代异丙醇

cinnamicalcohol(=cinnamyl alcohol)

肉桂醇

crot(on)yl alcohol

巴豆醇; 丁烯醇

cyclopentyl alcohol

环戊醇

n-decyl alcohol

(正)癸醇; 1-癸醇

denatured alcohol

变性酒精, 工业酒精

detergent alcohols

洗涤剂用醇类(指C12-C18脂肪醇)

diacetone alcohol

双丙酮醇

dodecyl alcohol

十二烷醇; 月桂醇

epihydric alcohol

缩水甘油

epihydrin alcohol

缩水甘油

ether alcohol

醚醇

ethyl alcohol

乙醇 2-

ethylbutyl alcohol 2-

乙基丁醇

fenchyl alcohol

葑醇, 小茴香醇

fermentation alcohol

发酵酒精

food alcohol

饮料酒

fuel alcohol

燃料酒精; 动力酒精

furf(ur)yl alcohol

大喃基甲醇, 糖醇

glycidic alcohol

缩水甘油醇

glycyl alcohol

丙三醇, 甘油

grain alcohol

酒精; 乙醇

grape alcohol

葡萄汁(制)酒精

halogenated alcohol

卤代醇

heptyl alcohol

庚醇

hexahydric alcohol

六元醇; 六羟基醇

n-hexyl alcohol (=1-haxanol)

正己醇; 1-己醇

higher alcohols

高级醇

hydrocinnamyl alcohol

氢化肉桂醇; 苯丙醇

hydroxy-benzyl alcohol

羟基苄醇

iso-amyl alcohol

叔戊醇

isobutyl alcohol

异丁醇

isopropyl alcohol

异丙醇

lauryl alcohol

月桂醇; 十二醇

leaf alcohol

叶醇; 顺式已烯-3-醇

linoleny alcohol

亚麻醇

mesitylene alcohol 2.4.6.-

三甲基酚2-

methylallyl alcohol 2-

甲基丙烯醇

methylated alcohol

变性酒精α-

methylbenzyl alcohol

α-甲基苄基醇

methylic alcohol

甲醇

myristyl alcohol

肉豆寇醇

naphthyl alcohol

α-萘酚

nitrated alcohol

硝化酒精

nitrobenzyl alcohol

硝基苄醇

nonyl alcohol

壬醇

octodecyl alcohol

十八(烷)醇

n-octyl alcohol

辛醇

olefinic alcohol

烯醇

oleic alcohol

油醇

oleyl alcohol

油醇

palmityl alcohol

棕榈醇

pelargonic alcohol

壬醇

pentadecyl alcohol

十五(烷)醇

phenylallyl alcohol

苯基丙烯醇

polyvinyl alcohol

聚乙烯醇

primary alcohol

伯醇

propargyl alcohol

炔丙醇

n-propyl alcohol

正丙醇; 1-丙醇

protocatechuyl alcohol

原儿茶醇; 3, 4 -二翔苄醇

ricinoleyl alcohol

蓖麻油醇

salicyl alcohol

水杨醇; 邻羟苯甲醇

sec-amyl alcohol

仲戊醇

selachyl alcohol

沙油醇; 十八碳烯-9-甘油醇

sorbic alcohol

山梨醇, 己二烯醇

stearyl alcohol

十八烷醇; 硬脂醇

styralyl alcohol

苯基甲基甲醇

styrolylalcohol

苯乙二醇

styryl(ic) alcohol

肉桂醇

sulfated fatty alcohol

硫酸化脂族醇

sycoceryl alcohol

无花醇

sym-dichloroisopropyl alcohol

对称二氯异丙醇

tert-amyl alcohol

叔戊醇

tertiary amyl alcohol

叔戊醇

tertiary butyl alcohol

叔丁醇

tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol

四氢糠醇

tribromoethyl alcohol

三溴乙基乙醇

trichloro-ethyl alcohol 2, 2, 2-

三氯乙醇

trichloro-tert-butyl alcohol

三氯叔丁醇

tridecyl alcohol

十三(烷)醇

trityl alcohol

三苯甲醇

undecyl(ic) alcohol

十一(烷)醇

vanillyl alcohol

香草醇 4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯甲醇

vinyl alcohol

乙烯醇

wood alcohol

甲醇, 木醇

[七国语言]英汉化学大词典

alcohol

醇

[七国语言]英汉机械大词典

alcohol

醇, 酒精

[七国语言]英汉矿业大词典

alcohol

醇, 酒精

[七国语言]英汉农业大词典

alcohol

醇, 酒精

[七国语言]英汉轻工业大词典

alcohol

酒精

[七国语言]英汉生物学大词典

alcohol

醇

[七国语言]英汉物理大词典

alcohol

醇, 酒精

[七国语言]英汉冶金大词典

alcohol

醇

[七国语言]英汉医学大词典

alcohol

醇

[七国语言]英汉原子能大词典

alcohol

醇,酒精

美国传统词典

alcohol

al.co.hol

AHD:[2l“k…-h?l”, -h?l”]

D.J.[6#lk*7h%8l, -7h%l]

K.K.[6#lk*7h%l, -7h$l]

n.

(1)Abbr. al., alc.A colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, C2H 5OH, synthesized or obtained by fermentation of sugars and starches and widely used, either pure or denatured, as a solvent and in drugs, cleaning solutions, explosives, and intoxicating beverages. Also called ethanol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol

(2)Intoxicating liquor containing alcohol.

(3)Any of a series of hydroxyl compounds, the simplest of which are derived from saturated hydrocarbons, have the general formula CnH 2n+1OH, and include ethanol and methanol.

语源

(1)Medieval Latin [fine metallic powder, especially of antimony]

(2)from Arabic al-ku?l

(3)al [the]

(4)ku?l [powder of antimony]

注释

The al- in alcohol may alert some readers to the fact that this is a word of Arabic descent, as is the case with algebra and alkali—al being the Arabic definite article corresponding to the in English. The origin of -cohol is less obvious, however. Its Arabic ancestor was ku?, a fine powder most often made from antimony and used by women to darken their eyelids; in fact, ku?l has given us the word kohl for such a preparation. Arabic chemists came to use al-ku?l to mean “any fine powder produced in a number of ways, including the process of heating a substance to a gaseous state and then recooling it.” The English word alcohol, derived through Medieval Latin from Arabic, is first recorded in 1543 in this sense. Arabic chemists also used al-ku?l to refer to other substances such as essences that were obtained by distillation, a sense first found for English alcohol in 1672. One of these distilled essences, known as “alcohol of wine,” is the constituent of fermented liquors that causes intoxication. This essence took over the term alcohol for itself, whence it has come to refer to the liquor that contains this essence as well as to a class of chemical compounds such as methanol.

[名词委审定]英汉化学名词(1991)

alcohol

醇

英汉船舶大词典

alcohol

n.醇,酒精

英汉电信大词典

alcohol

n.酒精

英汉地质大词典

alcohol

n.醇,乙醇,酒精,醇,乙醇酒精

英汉广播大词典

alcohol

n.乙醇,酒精

英汉环境大词典

alcohol

n.醇,乙醇酒精

英汉航空大词典

alcohol

n.酒精;n.洒精,乙醇

英汉化学大词典

alcohol

n.酒精,乙醇,醇

英汉海运大词典

alcohol

酒精

基本词义

alcohol

酒精乙醇

基本词义

alcohol

酒精，乙醇

英汉进出口商品词汇大全

alcohol

①乙醇②酒精

英汉计算机大词典

alcohol

n.酒精(乙醇)

英汉机械大词典

alcohol

n.酒精

英汉建筑大词典

alcohol

n.酒精,乙醇

英汉农牧林大词典

alcohol

n.醇,醇元,醇

英汉能源大词典

alcohol

n.酒精;n.酒精,乙醇,醇

英汉汽车大词典

alcohol

n.乙醇,酒精

英汉水利大词典

alcohol

n.酒精,乙醇,醇

英汉消防大词典

alcohol

酒精,(乙)醇

英汉心理学大词典

alcohol

酒精

英汉冶金大词典

alcohol

n.醇,乙醇

英汉医学大词典

alcohol

n.福尔马林,醋酸;n.福尔马林,酒精

英汉中医大词典

alcohol

n.酒精,乙醇,酒

英汉造纸大词典

alcohol

n.乙醇,酒精,酒精